Simpson's paradox

When Data Tells Two Truths, the Paradox Reveals the Insight

Both charts are right, yet they disagree. That's the paradox at the heart of this story, and it's exactly where real insight hides. When you combine data, the narrative can flip, not because the numbers are wrong, but because context changes everything. This isn't a flaw; it's a signal. Understanding why two truths conflict reveals more than either truth alone. For a deeper look at how assumptions shape results, see our related piece on participant-aware evaluation in EEG models.